It does seem to be a UK only thing, but we had a massive shift/change in the 70's/80's that the US seemed to avoid.
In the UK, with the exception of Belle Vue (okay, and Battersea), coasters were in parks on the coast. It was all holiday destinations. In the late 60's/early 70's most brits were heading abroad instead of the the seaside, so the entire amusement park industry wavered really badly. That led to the death of most of our parks.
In the US though, people still travelled within the US. They also had Disney suddenly making these great theme parks and the American companies thrived, installing new rides and enhancing themselves. I'm not saying that the US had it easier, but they were leading the development waves because they still had custom, whereas over here the market was rapidly dying.
Look at most of the parks in the States, they often have wooden coasters that range from properly ancient, to 70's and 80's builds. The parks may have been installing new steel coasters, but the wooden coaster was still a mainstay attraction. So they kept on adding in the wood.
In the UK though, everywhere that had wood was demolishing it (sometimes because it was a death trap, but most of the time because of maintenance costs or because the park was downsizing, or to replace it with something "modern").
Then 1979 happens and "bam", we have our own "modern" theme park at Alton. There's nothing old about the place beyond the Towers themselves. Drayton, Thorpe, Flamingoland, LWV, Camelot, etc, etc, ,etc all jump on the bandwagon and start adding in rides. What are the one rides that say "old, dilapidated, unsafe and part of an empty park"? Those wooden coasters. So there was never any investment in the new parks in wood. It didn't offer anything new and exciting to sell and they (probably very subtly) pushed that the wooden rides were old and rough and rubbish compared to The Corkscrew or whatever.
So we've convinced ourselves that's what it is. Wood is old technology and for ancient parks like Blackpool. If it's wood, it has to be old and there's a reason the "new breed" of parks don't have them. Poor public opinion.
I don't really know enough about Europe to comment on why wood is popular there. It may be that they're happier to copy the US business model? Maybe there weren't so many parks with such ancient wood? No idea really - but in the UK, well, there you have it.